Tsakhiagiin Elbegdorj, a prominent figure in Mongolian democracy, served as President of Mongolia from 2009 to 2017 as well as two time prime minister. A key figure in the 1990 Democratic Revolution, Elbegdorj has long championed for freedom and democracy in Mongolia. Since stepping down from the presidency, he has become increasingly vocal in his pro-democracy, pro-American stance, while expressing growing criticism of Russia and China.
Criticism of China's Inner Mongolia Policies:
Elbegdorj has been particularly critical of China's language and culture policies in Inner Mongolia, an autonomous region of China with a significant ethnic Mongolian population. As the leader of the World Federation of Mongolians, Elbegdorj advocates for the rights of Mongolians living outside of Mongolia. He has expressed concern over policies that he believes undermine Mongolian language and cultural preservation in Inner Mongolia. These concerns have led him to publicly criticize China and even attempt to contact President Xi Jinping directly, although these efforts have been rebuffed.
Domestic Political Landscape and Criticism of the Government:
Following his presidency, Elbegdorj has largely transitioned away from domestic Mongolian politics to focus on international issues. However, he remains a vocal critic of the Mongolian government, led by President Khaltmaagiin Battulga and Prime Minister Ukhnaagiin Khurelsukh. Elbegdorj has expressed concern that Mongolia is regressing from its democratic path and has been critical of the government's ties with Russia and China. His criticism has exacerbated an existing divide within the Democratic Party, which has seen a split between supporters of Elbegdorj and Battulga.
Controversies and Legal Issues:
Elbegdorj has faced accusations of corruption and abuse of power related to his handling of transactions involving two major state-owned mines:
Erdenet Copper Mine: An ongoing investigation is looking into allegations that Elbegdorj's former Chief of Staff benefited from a company involved in smelting copper from the Erdenet mine's waste. The allegation is that the Chief of Staff either transferred funds to Elbegdorj or that he directly benefited from the company's operations. Elbegdorj denies any involvement.
Tavan Tolgoi Coal Mine: There have been accusations surrounding Elbegdorj's involvement in a potential sale of the Tavan Tolgoi coal mine. However, no clear evidence has emerged to substantiate these claims.
International Role:
Beyond his criticism of China's Inner Mongolia policies, Elbegdorj plays a significant role in advocating for Mongolians residing outside of Mongolia. As President of the World Mongol Federation, he actively promotes and defends their interests on an international stage.
Tsakhiagiin Elbegdorj remains an influential voice in Mongolian politics despite leaving the presidency. His pro-democracy advocacy, criticisms of China's policies in Inner Mongolia, and his role in the World Mongol Federation ensure that he remains a figure of interest and debate. The ongoing investigations related to Erdenet and Tavan Tolgoi could further impact his legacy and future involvement in Mongolian politics.
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